Settlement and deformation monitoring is a process of tracking and measuring changes in the position or shape of the ground or structures over time. Surveyors use specialized equipment such as GPS receivers, total stations, and leveling instruments to detect any movements, shifts, or subsidence in the surveyed area. This monitoring is crucial in many applications, including construction projects, mining operations, and infrastructure development, where maintaining stability and safety is of utmost importance. By continuously monitoring these changes, stakeholders can identify potential risks, assess the impact on surrounding structures, and implement necessary measures to ensure the integrity and safety of the surveyed area.